Twelfth-century European scholars re-encountered ancient knowledge after nearly a thousand years

Evidence

In the twelfth century, following closely the eleventh-century translations, from Arabic to Latin, of Constantine the African (d. 1087) of medical writings, European scholars came face to face with the knowledge of the ancient world’s philosophy, physics, mathematics, medicine, alchemy, and astronomy for the first time in almost 1,000 years: At the beginning of the twelfth century, Greek knowledge was available in Greek and in Arabic, but more accessible in the latter form. — Cedric J. Robinson, Black Marxism_ The Making of the Black…, 456