Transformational and transactional leadership are measured via Bass’s MLQ instruments

Evidence

The short version of the MLQ Leader Form 5X (Bass & Avolio, 1997) was distributed to the leaders. The short version of the MLQ Rater Form (5X) was distributed to the group members. Responses were measured by a 5-point scale, ranging from not at all = 0 to frequently, if not always = 4. For this study, the Chronbach’s alpha reliability coefficient for the 20 transformational leadership questions was .95, while the internal reliability (α) for the 12 transactional leadership questions was .78. — Roderick M. Kramer, Geoffrey J. Leonardelli, Robert W. Livingston, Social Cognition, Social Identity, and…, 1815

Categorization

• DEFINE: Identifies the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) as the standard instrument splitting leadership into transformational vs transactional dimensions.