The West produced its own internal others while excluding non-Europeans.

Evidence

It is also important to remember that, as well as treating non-European cultures as different and inferior, the West had its own internal “others.” Jews, in particular, though close to Western religious traditions, were frequently excluded and ostracized. West Europeans often regarded Eastern Europeans as “barbaric,” and, throughout the West, Western women were represented as inferior to Western men. — Stuart Hall, Essential Essays, Volume 2, 524

Categorization

• XREF: This internal-othering mechanism foreshadows how Muslims become internal others within Western nations in the contemporary Islamophobia literature.
• SEED: Angle: the othering logic operates within a society’s own population, not only across a civilizational line — directly applicable to how European Muslims are cast as internal aliens.