The US paid reparations for lynched Italians only when Italy proved citizenship.

Evidence

Secretary Olney told Fava that a grand jury had been assembled to investigate the matter and was “unable to ascertain the offenders.” He claimed there was no proof that the victims were Italian citizens and therefore the United States did not owe reparations for their murders. Italy refused to back down. Ultimately, the Italian government was able to prove that the three victims had been Italian subjects at the time of their deaths and that their families were entitled to an indemnity from the US government. And that is how for a second time the federal government compensated Italy to the tune of 18,000 (almost 675,000 today) for the lynching of its citizens—$6,000 to each of the victims’ Italian families. — Dorothy A. Brown, Getting to Reparations, 133

Categorization

Category: Factual Claims

• XREF: Establishes the precedent that US federal reparations have been paid for lynching before — builds directly toward Brown’s argument that reparations to Black Americans are legally feasible. Ties to the earlier Hahnville/New Orleans chapter on Italian lynching indemnities.
• QUESTION: The citizenship condition is doing heavy lifting here — worth chasing exactly what legal theory of ‘Full Protection and Security’ made indemnity binding, since the reader must anticipate this as the strongest precedent objection/reply.

Related

• The US government paid indemnities to Italy for lynched Italian citizens. (similarity 0.93)
• The United States once paid reparations for lynched Italian Americans (similarity 0.85)
• US paid indemnities to Italy’s lynched citizens but nothing to undocumented victims (similarity 0.84)
• Congress paid indemnities only to citizen families, excluding the noncitizen lynched. (similarity 0.82)
• International diplomatic leverage forced federal reparations for lynched Italians (similarity 0.80)
• The federal government compensated foreign lynching victims but not Black ones (similarity 0.80)
• The US compensated white lynching victims but never black ones (similarity 0.80)
• The US paid indemnities to China and Mexico for their lynched citizens too. (similarity 0.80)