The Qadiriya and Ahmadiya orders divided Somali religious affiliation by 1900

Evidence

Historically, the first Order to be introduced into Somaliland was the Qadiriya, the oldest Order in Islam, founded in Baghdad where its originator Sayyid ‘Abd al-Qadir al-Jilani died in A.D. 1166. It is not yet certain when the Qadiriya came to Somaliland, but by the nineteenth century it was strongly established and had split into two powerful local branches, one associated with the name of Sheikh ‘Abd ar-Rahman Seyla ‘i who died in the Ogaden in 1883, and the other with that of Sheikh Uways Muhammad who was assassinated in 1909. The former branch held sway in the north, in the British Protectorate and the Ogaden; while the latter was entrenched in the Benadir and south of Somalia. The other main Order of importance locally is the Ahmadiya, founded at Mecca in Arabia, by Sayyid Ahmad ibn Idris al-Fasi (1760–1837). — I.M. Lewis, I. M. Lewis, A Modern History of the Somali_ Nation…, 198

Categorization

• XREF: Foundation for understanding the sectarian backdrop against which the Salihiya ‘reformist’ challenge emerges in this chapter. — connects to: The Ahmadiya reformist order rivaled the older Qadiriya by 1900.; Somali inter-order religious rivalry weakened the Dervish national cause; Somalis practiced moderate tolerant Islam with open romance before militancy — Alexis Okeowo, A Moonless, Starless Sky, 257 (+1 more)

Related

• The Ahmadiya reformist order rivaled the older Qadiriya by 1900. (similarity 0.96)
• Prosperity and Qadiriya rivalry initially blocked Sheikh Muhammad’s jihad call (similarity 0.87)
• The militant Salihiya order provided the banner for Muhammad Abdille Hassan’s anti-colonial campaign. (similarity 0.80)

Broader Connections

• Prosperity and Qadiriya rivalry initially blocked Sheikh Muhammad’s jihad call #corroborates (0.65) — I.M. Lewis, I. M. Lewis, A Modern History of the Somali_ Nation…, 207
• Somali inter-order religious rivalry weakened the Dervish national cause #expands (0.45)
• Somalis practiced moderate tolerant Islam with open romance before militancy #expands (0.30) — Alexis Okeowo, A Moonless, Starless Sky, 257