The Pakistan movement functioned as a bargaining posture for minority concessions

Evidence

For many Pakistan proponents— certainly for its ultimate leader, Muhammad Ali Jinnah—separatism represented less an anti-imperial and anti-Hindu agenda than a political threat to obtain minority concessions from the British-led government and Hindu-dominated Congress Party. Indeed, once the endgame had played out and the sought concessions failed to materialize, Jinnah steered the movement into close alliance with the British during the Second World War in order to best obtain his objectives even as Gandhi and the rest of the Congress leadership sat imprisoned for their wartime efforts to undermine British rule. — Carl W. Ernst, Islamophobia in America_ The Anatomy of…, 144

Categorization

• XREF: This overturns the common assumption that Muslim separatism was purely religious or anti-Hindu nationalism; connects to readings on instrumentalist theories of nationalism versus primordialist ones.
• STORYSTEM: A political leader whose expressed ideology (separate homeland) is actually a negotiating posture that backfires when the bluff is called—rich dramatic irony for narrative.