The Jewish question only emerged where Jewish masses and poverty existed

Evidence

England did not know Jewish masses and Jewish poverty, as she had admitted them centuries after their expulsion in the Middle Ages; the Portuguese Jews who settled in England in the eighteenth century were wealthy and educated. Not until the end of the nineteenth century, when the pogroms in Russia initiated the modern Jewish emigrations, did Jewish poverty enter London, and along with it the difference between the Jewish masses and their well-to-do brethren. In Disraeli’s time the Jewish question, in its Continental form, was quite unknown, because only Jews welcome to the state lived in England. — Hannah Arendt, The Origins of Totalitarianism, 230

Categorization

• XREF: Connects directly to the Orientalism/Islamophobia toolkit: the ‘exception’ status of tolerated minorities is defined against the mass — echoes how a few ‘exceptions’ are admitted to colonial/European societies while the masses are marked. Parallels Zygmunt Bauman’s later argument about the ‘allosemitism’ of exceptional Jews.
• DEFINE: Defines the structural precondition of the ‘Jewish question’ — that it exists only where a tolerated elite minority contrasts with a poor excluded mass, a mechanism transferable to other minority-group analyses.