The inside-outside model of Jews and Muslims as Europe’s enemies is historically erroneous

Evidence

These two books-Mastnak’s Crusading Peace and Cohen’s Living Letters—contain enough historical knowledge to explode the fundamentally erroneous, but widely held notion that Muslims were “the enemy outside Western Europe” and Jews “the enemy within Europe itself” and to begin anew (Heng, “The Romance of England: Richard Coer de Lyon, Saracens, Jews, and the Politics of Race and Nation,” 142; see also Harle, The Enemy, esp. ch. 3). — Gil Anidjar, The Jew, the Arab, 921

Categorization

• XREF: Directly states the anti-bridge framing the book exists to dismantle; connects to reading purpose of anchoring the antisemitism-Islamophobia bridge claim. — connects to: Early modern Europe could sympathize with individual Muslims while expelling the group