The French face-veil ban campaign drove anti-Muslim incidents up
Evidence
The Collective against Islamophobia in France recorded a significant increase in anti-Muslim incidents from 2010 to 2013. In 2010, there were 188 incidents. This number rose to 298 in 2011, 469 in 2012, and 691 in 2013. What explains the upsurge? The increase was likely due to the intense political campaign against face veils that led the French Parliament to approve a ban on them in 2010. — Green, Todd H, The Fear of Islam_ An Introduction to…, 596
Categorization
- XREF: A clear instance of the book’s causal claim that state rhetoric about Islam, not just individual bigotry, manufactures hostility — the very mechanism traced from the Crusades. — connects to: France’s 2003 hijab ban launched Europe’s wave of anti-Muslim dress laws — Arsalan Iftikhar, Fear of a Muslim Planet_ Global…, 376; France criminalized the niqab and burqa in April 2011; Criticism that endangers Muslim safety crosses into Islamophobia. — Green, Todd H, The Fear of Islam_ An Introduction to…, 80 (+4 more)
Broader Connections
- France’s 2003 hijab ban launched Europe’s wave of anti-Muslim dress laws
#expands(0.50) — Arsalan Iftikhar, Fear of a Muslim Planet_ Global…, 376 - France criminalized the niqab and burqa in April 2011
#corroborates(0.45) - Criticism that endangers Muslim safety crosses into Islamophobia.
#qualifies(0.40) — Green, Todd H, The Fear of Islam_ An Introduction to…, 80