The Amsterdam Treaty failed to meaningfully advance EU citizenship beyond Maastricht

Evidence

Clearly, despite some progress, the opportunity of the IGC to develop EU citizenship was more lost than taken. The Amsterdam Treaty confirms to a large extent the philosophy of the Maastricht Treaty as far as EU citizenship is concerned. For the time being EU citizenship as an attempt to develop citizenship beyond the nation-state is far from being an indisputable success. — David Theo Goldberg, John Solomos, A Companion to Racial and Ethnic Studies, 844