The 1923 Supreme Court ruled all South Asians ineligible for citizenship

Evidence

By 1923, his case went from Portland to the US Supreme Court, which ruled that despite ambiguities of caste, geography, language, ethnicity, and religion, Thind and, by extension, al South Asians were definitively “not white” and therefore ineligible for US citizenship. — Neda Maghbouleh, The Limits of Whiteness, 533