The 1848 land commission gave land awards to under one percent of Hawaiians

Evidence

Amidst the chaos and pressure, the monarchy reluctantly agreed to privatize the land. The land commission, headed by an American missionary, allotted the land. Tasked with dividing the land between the government, the ali’i nui (chiefs), and maka ‘ainana (common people), the commission proved astonishingly efficient at alienating people from their land. Although there were 88,000 Hawaiians in 1848, only 8,200 received land awards, mostly three-acre lots (a far cry from subsistence holdings), or one percent of the land. — Winona LaDuke, All Our Relations, 844

Categorization

• XREF: connects to: Thousands of Native Hawaiians have died still waiting for promised homestead land — Winona LaDuke, All Our Relations: Native Struggles for…, 854