The 1834 infantry school law shifted punishment from spectacle to certainty and imprisonment

Evidence

The mere form the law now takes, the table, strongly leads the mind to the correspondence between crime and punishment. The law is no longer a collection of articles loosely connected to each other whose only order is the chronology of their promulgation; rather, the very form it takes shows the gradual realization that the effectiveness of the punishment stems not from its spectacular severity but from its inevitability; “it is the certainty of being punished and not the horrifying spectacle of public punishment that must discourage crime.” Furthermore, there is a conspicuous absence of bodily punishment and a reliance instead on imprisonment. Out of the eighty-nine articles of the law, only four articles resorted to the whip as a punishment. These were reserved for the punishment of desertion and sodomy. — Khaled Fahmy, All the Pasha_s Men_ Mehmed Ali, his…, 700

Categorization

• XREF: Parallels the shift from corporal to carceral punishment Foucault describes in Discipline and Punish, and connects to the modernizing Egyptian state-building project the reader is tracking. — connects to: Late-nineteenth-century penal reforms shifted punishment from the offense to the offender — Lawrence M. Friedman, A History of American Law, 3417