Televised violence harms nonviewers through emulation and victimization

Evidence

Interpersonal aggression is a social matter, not just a private family affair. Nonviewers can be secondarily affected by televised violence if they emulate the conduct of influenced viewers, or if they are victims of viewers’ modeled aggression. For example, the thousands of airline passengers whose vacation or business plans were thrown into disarray by extortionists modeling the bomb threat from The Doomsday Flight suffered the consequences even though none of them might have watched this TV film. — Albert Bandura, Moral Disengagement, 925

Categorization

• corroborated: 3 independent passages support this claim — Albert Bandura, Moral Disengagement: How People Do Harm…, 925
• XREF: connects to: Media violence effects are common, not restricted to disturbed viewers; Mediated violence causes collateral harms to people who never view it; Televised violence teaches aggression, weakens restraints, desensitizes, and shapes reality images.