Tammany political bosses gutted New York civil service reform under Hylan

Evidence

Within months of Hylan’s inauguration, in fact, civil service in New York was plunged into depths unknown since the heyday of the Tweed Ring forty-five years before. Non-Tammany employees were forced out of their jobs by humiliating assignments and pay cuts. Hundreds of positions previously competitive were made exempt because of their “exceptional and sensitive” nature. — Robert A. Caro, The Power Broker, 372

Categorization

• XREF: Connects to Milgrom on reputation and institutions, and to the pattern of patronage machines clawing back reform — parallels the earlier chapters on civil service reform battles. — connects to: New York patronage civil service produced gross pay inequity and rigged exams — Robert A. Caro, The Power Broker: Robert Moses and the…, 301; Four years of civil service reform were undone within months by Hylan — Robert A. Caro, The Power Broker: Robert Moses and the…, 371