Sustained media focus reframed Muslim citizens as enemies of the state

Evidence

The 2015 American Values Survey, for example, found that 73 percent of White Evangelical Protestants believe that Islam is incompatible with American values. This is ten percentage points higher than mainline White Protestants, at 63%; twelve points higher than Catholics, at 61%; and seventeen points higher than Black Protestants, at 55%, who hold unfavorable views of Islam. These findings demonstrate that the sustained negative public discourse about Islam for nearly two decades has successfully shifted public opinion against Muslims. — Sahar F. Aziz, The Racial Muslim, 749 (#expands, via linked claim)

These narratives of Muslims as terrorist, backward, misogynistic, and antidemocratic impact Muslim Americans in their everyday lives. Since the terrorist attacks, the American population has been encouraged to participate in surveillance in order to ensure national security. The messages the media perpetuates about Muslims, coupled with Islamophobic rhetoric by groups like Pamela Geller’s, reinforce the idea that Muslims are the bodies that require surveilling. — Saher Selod, Forever Suspect_ Racialized…, 250 (#expands, via linked claim)

Categorization

• corroborated: 2 independent passages support this claim
• XREF: connects to: Media coverage of Muslim arrests shifted citizens into the enemy category; A cluster of 2009 arrests fueled a media narrative conflating Muslim identity with terrorism; Right-wing Islamophobia shaped media bias before and independently of state power (+7 more)

Broader Connections

• Right-wing Islamophobia shaped media bias before and independently of state power #qualifies (0.85)
• Sustained negative media discourse has shifted American public opinion against Muslims #expands (0.80) — Sahar F. Aziz, The Racial Muslim, 749
• Media narratives mark Muslims as bodies that require surveilling #expands (0.78) — Saher Selod, Forever Suspect_ Racialized…, 250
• Media and state mutually reinforce Islam-violence associations for distinct functional reasons #expands (0.75)
• Disproportionate media coverage reifies fear and mistrust of Muslims #qualifies (0.72) — Chris Allen, Islamophobia, 240
• Both media and state profit from keeping Islam and violence linked #corroborates (0.72) — Carl W. Ernst, Islamophobia in America_ The Anatomy of…, 266
• Media and political elites profit from stoking anti-Muslim fears #corroborates (0.72) — Carl W. Ernst, Islamophobia in America_ The Anatomy of…, 41
• Fear of Muslim violence serves the interests of media and political elites #corroborates (0.70) — Carl W. Ernst, Islamophobia in America_ The Anatomy of…, 41