Successful leaders must indigenize regardless of their own Westernization.

Evidence

The process of indigenization need not wait for the second generation. Able, perceptive, and adaptive first generation leaders indigenize themselves. Three notable cases are Mohammad Ali Jinnah, Harry Lee, and Solomon Bandaranaike. They were brilliant graduates of Oxford, Cambridge, and Lincoln’s Inn, respectively, superb lawyers, and thoroughly Westernized members of the elites of their societies. Jinnah was a committed secularist. Lee was, in the words of one British cabinet minister, “the best bloody Englishman east of Suez.” Bandaranaike was raised a Christian. Yet to lead their nations to and after independence they had to indigenize. They reverted to their ancestral cultures, and in the process at times changed identities, names, dress, and beliefs. The English lawyer M. A. Jinnah became Pakistan’s Quaid-i-Azam, Harry Lee became Lee Kuan Yew. The secularist Jinnah became the fervent apostle of Islam as the basis for the Pakistani state. The Anglofied Lee learned Mandarin and became an articulate promoter of Confucianism. The Christian Bandaranaike converted to Buddhism and appealed to Sinhalese nationalism. — Samuel P. Huntington, The Clash of Civilizations and the…, 255 (#expands, via linked claim)

To escape anomy, Muslims have but one choice, for modernization requires Westernization.… Islam does not offer an alternative way to modernize.… Secularism cannot be avoided. Modern science and technology require an absorption of the thought processes which accompany them; so too with political institutions. Because content must be emulated no less than form, the predominance of Western civilization must be acknowledged so as to be able to learn from it. — Samuel P. Huntington, The Clash of Civilizations and the…, 198 (#complicates, via linked claim)

Categorization

• XREF: connects to: Even fully Westernized first-generation leaders must indigenize to lead postcolonial nations — Samuel P. Huntington, The Clash of Civilizations and the…, 255; Leaders cannot erase indigenous culture nor purge Western influence; Pipes argues Islam offers no path to modernization except full Westernization — Samuel P. Huntington, The Clash of Civilizations and the…, 198

Broader Connections

• Even fully Westernized first-generation leaders must indigenize to lead postcolonial nations #expands (0.92) — Samuel P. Huntington, The Clash of Civilizations and the…, 255
• Pipes argues Islam offers no path to modernization except full Westernization #complicates (0.72) — Samuel P. Huntington, The Clash of Civilizations and the…, 198