Stigma from punishment varies sharply with the individual

Evidence

Deterrence is a psychological concept, at bottom. It is a guess about the way people will react to certain expectations. It obviously varies with the individual. People do not all react alike. Punishment, for example, is stigmatic: it imposes shame. But the impact of stigma is quite variable. An arrest might ruin a respectable businessman for life. It might humiliate him to the point of suicide. — Lawrence M. Friedman and Grant M. Hayden, American Law, 1094

Categorization

• XREF: connects to: Individuals differ reliably in chronic stigma consciousness, reconciling contradictory findings — , Rudman, Laurie A - On the Nature of…, 947

Broader Connections

• Individuals differ reliably in chronic stigma consciousness, reconciling contradictory findings #expands (0.85) — , Rudman, Laurie A - On the Nature of…, 947