States sometimes tolerate undocumented labor to meet employer demands without protection costs

Evidence

Undocumented migrants (also known as irregular or illegal migrants): people who enter a country, usually in search of employment, without the necessary documents and permits. Many labor migration flows consist predominantly of undocumented migrants. In some cases immigration countries tacitly permit such migration since it allows mobilization of labor in response to employer demands without social costs or measures for protection of migrants. — David Theo Goldberg, John Solomos, A Companion to Racial and Ethnic Studies, 3812

Categorization

• XREF: Builds on the Milgrom law-merchant material: states tolerating undocumented labor resembles ‘tacit regulation’ — a shadow structure that serves employer interests without formal obligation.
• QUESTION: How does tacit tolerance of undocumented labor square with stated immigration enforcement rhetoric in the US and Europe?