State compromise placed both Jews and Catholics outside the law

Evidence

The compromise adopted by the Third Republic cleared the defendant without granting him a regular trial, while it restricted the activities of Catholic organizations. Whereas Bernard Lazare had asked equal rights for both sides, the state had allowed one exception for the Jews and another which threatened the freedom of conscience of Catholics. The parties which were really in conflict were both placed outside the law, with the result that the Jewish question on the one hand and political Catholicism on the other were banished thenceforth from the arena of practical politics. — Hannah Arendt, The Origins of Totalitarianism, 336

Categorization

• DEFINE: Shows Arendt’s mechanism for how a state resolves group conflict: by exceptionalizing both parties so their grievances never re-enter normal politics — an exclusion-by-exception scaffold.
• XREF: The ‘exception for each side’ structure is the state-exception mechanism that biopolitics readings extend; relevant for the necropolitics/statelessness material that follows.