Stage design must balance sending sound to audience and reflecting it back to performers
Evidence
There is evidence to show that, in order to maintain good ensemble comfortably, the musicians should receive the sound from other musicians within about 20 ms of the sound being produced. This means that ideally there should be a reflecting or diffusing surface within 10 ms (3.44 m or 11.5 ft) of the performer; the time is divided by 2 to allow for sound going to the reflecting surface and back. — David M. Howard, Jamie Angus, Acoustics and Psychoacoustics, 1939 (
#corroborates, via linked claim)
Categorization
- XREF: connects to: Classical musicians must rely on hall acoustics alone for their foldback; Musicians need acoustic reflections within 20 ms for comfortable ensemble playing — David M. Howard, Jamie Angus, Acoustics and Psychoacoustics, 1939; Late early reflections can ruin performers’ ability to hear each other and maintain ensemble — David M. Howard, Jamie Angus, Acoustics and Psychoacoustics, 1942 (+2 more)
Broader Connections
- Early reflections from nearby surfaces give performers essential auditory feedback
#corroborates(0.78) - Musicians need acoustic reflections within 20 ms for comfortable ensemble playing
#corroborates(0.75) — David M. Howard, Jamie Angus, Acoustics and Psychoacoustics, 1939 - Ensemble playing depends on performers receiving reflections within roughly 20 milliseconds
#corroborates(0.75) - Late early reflections can ruin performers’ ability to hear each other and maintain ensemble
#contradicts(0.72) — David M. Howard, Jamie Angus, Acoustics and Psychoacoustics, 1942