Southern Sudanese resistance predated 1919 but Egyptian observers dismissed it as mere tribalism.

Evidence

It is important to remember that many groups in the Sudan detested the condominium and had risen against the British even before 1919.The British had repeatedly sent troops to combat the defiant Dinka in the southern Sudan almost from the time the condominium was established, in 1899, until 1917, when they were finally able to suppress the rebellions. Revolts in the Nuba Mountains had begun as early as 1903, and the Nyam Nyam continued to fight the British until 1916. But these struggles garnered little attention in Egypt, where they were not considered representative of any kind of “nationalist” movement. In the perspective of the time, these were tribal actions, eruptions of black tribes considered beyond the pale of organized political movements. — Eve M. Troutt Powell, A Different Shade of Colonialism_…, 841

Categorization

• XREF: Complicates the standard Arab-Egyptian nationalist narrative of Sudanese awakening; relevant to reader’s two-tier coloniality.
• SEED: Angle: the forgotten southern and Nuba rebellions against the condominium, written out of both Egyptian and northern Sudanese national narratives.