Sound degradation has three measurable concurrent aspects en route through habitat

Evidence

Detectability, locability, and readability of bird song are degraded with the distance propagated through the environment. According to physical theory and principles the degradation can be represented by three aspects: blurring, attenuation, and signal-to-noise ratio. — Almo Farina, Soundscape Ecology, 662

Categorization

• DEFINE: Blurring, attenuation, and signal-to-noise ratio as the three axes of sound degradation.
• XREF: connects to: Receiver noise errors are of two connected types — Almo Farina, Soundscape Ecology: Principles,…, 548; Turbulence and reverberation degrade different signal dimensions independently — Almo Farina, Soundscape Ecology: Principles,…, 657; Excess attenuation increases with frequency in vegetated habitats — Almo Farina, Soundscape Ecology: Principles,…, 418 (+3 more)

Broader Connections

• Each degradation aspect traces to specific physical mechanisms in habitat #expands (0.92) — Almo Farina, Soundscape Ecology, 663
• Ground and vegetation attenuate noise in complementary frequency ranges. #expands (0.80) — Donald Aylor, Noise Reduction by Vegetation and Ground, 122
• Trunk scatter cannot alone explain forest high-frequency sound attenuation #expands (0.75) — Margaret A. Price, Keith Attenborough, and Nicholas W. Heap, Sound Attenuation through Trees, 87