Somali deputies habitually broke voting promises in presidential elections.

Evidence

This indicates that Osman’s group thought they had more votes than actually transpired. Apparently some deputies who promised to support Osman had no intention of doing so. This would be a feature of Somali parliamentary politics for decades to come. — Abdi Ismail Samatar, Africa’s First Democrats, 1353

Categorization

• XREF: Shadows the later pattern of clientelist deal-breaking in Somali politics that the book’s larger story of democratic collapse relies on.