Slave armies defeated the era’s most sophisticated militaries to end slavery in Haiti

Evidence

The eighteenth century ended with a movement of slaves to match the drama of Brazil’s Palmares and the significance of the maroon settlements in Jamaica and Suriname during the preceding century. In Haiti, between 1791 and 1804, slave armies managed to defeat the French, Spanish, and English militaries—the most sophisticated armies of the day. Haiti thus became the second New World colony to achieve political independence from its European master and the first slave society to achieve the permanent destruction of a slave system. — Cedric J. Robinson, Black Marxism_ The Making of the Black…, 724

Categorization

• XREF: Haiti as the first permanent destruction of a slave system connects to the Black radical tradition’s origins arc and to Robinson’s framing of slave revolt proper.