Shariʿa and Sufism saturated Islamic commerce, law, and social life together.

Evidence

Leading components in this structure were the Shariʿa and Sufism, two discursively dialectical traditions and paradigmatic domains that permeated the educational, legal, social, and spiritual practices of Islam, and influenced much in the economic and mercantile spheres. In point of fact, the Shariʿa governed “urban” mercantile and country-side agricultural economy, and its maritime law often regulated commerce in the Mediterranean, the Indian Ocean, the South China Sea, and elsewhere, and was at times followed even by non-Muslims navigating these high seas. Furthermore, Shariʿa’s “law” was the dominant form of practice in city markets, and the Sufi guilds and orders were no less active, as specifically Sufi entities, in the mercantile life of these cities. — Wael Hallaq, Restating Orientalism, 151 (#exemplifies, via linked claim)

Categorization

• XREF: connects to: Shari’a law and Sufi orders regulated premodern Islamic trade across oceans and markets — Wael Hallaq, Restating Orientalism: A Critique of…, 151; Islamic religious duties are partly constitutive of social relations, not abstract — Talal Asad, Formations of the Secular:…, 1173; Islamic economic life ran on a pervasive religious ethic rather than enforceable rules alone — Wael Hallaq, Restating Orientalism: A Critique of…, 153 (+2 more)

Broader Connections

• Shari’a law and Sufi orders regulated premodern Islamic trade across oceans and markets #exemplifies (0.93) — Wael Hallaq, Restating Orientalism, 151