Rules of perceptual appearance are objective, not subjective-psychological in origin
Evidence
What we have just portrayed are exemplars of actual or objective category overlap. Yet this actual overlap may, of course, not necessarily be mirrored in individuals’ perceived or subjective perceptions of overlap. Thus, there may, in fact, be considerable discrepancy between the actual and perceived overlap of categories. For example, while it is certainly the case that one can be black and Italian, and indeed there are a number of black Italians, racist supporters of the Italian club Juventus have abused the Inter Milan player Mario Balotelli with a chant that … “A negro cannot be Italian” (reported in The Observer, 13 December, 2009). This offensive chant clearly rejects the notion of overlap between the categories “black” and “Italian,” despite the fact that Balotelli was born in Italy and that he has been a star player in Italy’s under-21 national team. It is these subjective perceptions of category overlap, and to some extent the discrepancy between actual and perceived overlap, that are captured in the concept of social identity complexity. — Roderick M. Kramer, Geoffrey J. Leonardelli, Robert W. Livingston, Social Cognition, Social Identity, and…, 523 (
#corroborates, via linked claim)
Categorization
- XREF: connects to: Perceived qualities exist objectively as the thing itself, not as subjective effects — Jean-Paul Sartre, Being and Nothingness: An Essay on…, 594; Objective category overlap can diverge sharply from individuals’ subjective perceptions — Roderick M. Kramer, Geoffrey J. Leonardelli, Robert W. Livingston, Social Cognition, Social Identity, and…, 523; Even visual anomalies are objective relations between world-objects, not subjective modifications. (+1 more)
Broader Connections
- Objective category overlap can diverge sharply from individuals’ subjective perceptions
#corroborates(0.75) — Roderick M. Kramer, Geoffrey J. Leonardelli, Robert W. Livingston, Social Cognition, Social Identity, and…, 523