Ricoldo linked Muhammad’s bell-like revelation description to his alleged epilepsy.

Evidence

The only vestige of an equally authentic account in Ricoldo’s work is a passing reference to Muhammad’s having said that revelation seemed like bells, which Ricoldo, whether recognising the supposed medical significance, or accidentally, associated with the alleged epilepsy (Disp. xi). — Norman Daniel, Islam and the West, 1883

Categorization

• SEED: A possible article angle: how a single physical sensation described by a religious founder becomes weaponized across centuries by hostile biographers reading medical pathology into it.
• XREF: connects to: Medieval Christians explained revelation as epilepsy while Islam read it as divine