Revolution imposed from outside fails without support from the local population.

Evidence

The Red Army under Tukhachevsky was halted at the gates of Warsaw in August 1920, in its counter-offensive following Pilsudski’s invasion of the Soviet Union. The defeat was followed by controversy both concerning the viability of the entire attempt to “export revolution” without the support of the local population, and concerning the specific responsibilities for the defeat (Budyenny and Egorov, supported by Stalin, had not followed the orders of S. Kamenev, the commander-in-chief, and had marched on Lvov instead of linking up with Tukhachevsky before Warsaw). — Antonio Gramsci, Selections from the Prison Notebooks, 2296

Categorization

• XREF: Concrete historical case for Gramsci’s hegemony thesis: domination by external force cannot substitute for consent won within civil society.
• DEFINE: Illustrates the import/export revolution question that frames later hegemony debates on consent versus coercion.