Required secrecy about treatment content marks fraudulent therapeutic offers

Evidence

Are there any confidentiality clauses that prohibit you from sharing course content with others? Are rituals, events, one-on-one sessions a secret that you must keep? This does not apply to personal statements from other participants, which are often kept confidential; it is suspicious if you have to maintain silence about content and procedures. — Holm Gero Hümmler, Ulrike Schiesser, Fact and Prejudice, 693

Categorization

• SEED: A useful essay or framework angle: the difference between protecting participant privacy and mandating secrecy about method — secrecy about procedure is a hallmark of fraud across therapy, MLMs, and cults.
• XREF: connects to: Patent medicines relied on mysterious secret ingredients to feed consumer hope — Tim Wu, The Attention Merchants, 97