Recognition that many Americans cannot afford lawyers produced public legal aid and private innovations.

Evidence

Third, governmental officials and the legal profession have recognized that segments of the American public cannot normally afford the legal services they need. This recognition has led to government programs designed to provide legal aid, such as public defender programs and the Legal Services Corporation. It has also led the legal profession to introduce innovations designed to attract new clients by making legal services more affordable. Such innovations as legal clinics, the contingent fee, and prepaid legal services have altered the way legal services are delivered and paid for. — G. Alan Tarr, Judicial Process and Judicial…, 1198

Categorization

• DEFINE: Names the key access-to-justice institutions — public defenders, Legal Services Corporation, legal clinics, contingent fees, prepaid legal services.
• XREF: Directly ties to the course’s foundational value of equal justice and to later chapters on criminal and civil courts.