Racist ideas are produced and consumed across racial lines, not only by oppressors.

Evidence

Leo Africanus established himself through Della descrittione dell’Africa as the world’s first known African racist, the first illustrious African producer of racist ideas (as Zurara was the first illustrious European producer of racist ideas). Anyone can consume or produce racist ideas of African inferiority—any European, any Asian, any Native American, any Latina/o, and any African. Leo’s African ancestry hardly shielded him from believing in African inferiority and European superiority, or from trying to convince others of this plain racist “truth.” — Ibram X. Kendi, Stamped from the Beginning, 66

Categorization

• XREF: Directly relevant to the reader’s scheme: shows racist ideas are not the exclusive property of the dominant group, complicating simple oppressor-victim readings of the segregationist position.
• QUESTION: If an African can produce racist ideas about Africans, how does Kendi’s policy-first inversion handle indigenous participation in racist ideology?