Political and ideological antisemitism took their clearest forms in France and Austria respectively

Evidence

WERE IT NOT for the frightful consequences of antisemitism in our own time, we might have given less attention to its development in Germany. As a political movement, nineteenth-century antisemitism can be studied best in France, where for almost a decade it dominated the political scene. As an ideological force, competing with other more respectable ideologies for the acceptance of public opinion, it reached its most articulate form in Austria. — Hannah Arendt, The Origins of Totalitarianism, 160

Categorization

• XREF: Useful methodological scaffolding: distinguishes political-movement versus ideological-force analysis, a distinction that carries into how Islamophobia critics separate organized movements from discursive formations. — connects to: Vienna simultaneously hosted Hitler’s antisemitism model and Austro-Marxist socialism — Alex Callinicos, Against Postmodernism: A Marxist…, 203