Parmenides argued that language and thought require persistent existing objects

Evidence

When you think, you think of something; when you use a name, it must be the name of something. Therefore both thought and language require objects outside themselves. And since you can think of a thing or speak of it at one time as well as at another, whatever can be thought of or spoken of must exist at all times. — Bertrand Russell, History of Western Philosophy, 281

Categorization

• corroborated: 2 independent passages support this claim — Bertrand Russell, History of Western Philosophy, 281
• XREF: connects to: Metaphysical distinctions between substances and universals stem from grammatical syntax. — Bertrand Russell, History of Western Philosophy, 732; Parmenides invented metaphysics based on logic that influenced subsequent philosophy — Bertrand Russell, History of Western Philosophy, 275; Knowledge requires mental reflection on existence rather than passive sensory impressions — Bertrand Russell, History of Western Philosophy, 693 (+3 more)

Broader Connections

• Knowledge requires mental reflection on existence rather than passive sensory impressions #expands (0.60) — Bertrand Russell, History of Western Philosophy, 693
• Lochner is merely one example in which a false assertion of inexorability is decried as formalistic. Much contemporary criticism of Blackstone, Langdell, and others of their persuasion attacks… #complicates (0.60)