Papal bans on trading with Saracens also restricted pilgrim travel.

Evidence

The Church Councils: Conc. Lat. m1, 1179, Mansi xxun, col. 230; Conc. Lat. Iv, 1215, ibid., col. 1066; Conc. Lugdun. 1, 1245, xxi, col. 631. Héfélé- Leclercq, 11th General (3rd Lateran) and 13th General (1st Lyons). There was a slight increase of precision as the years passed. … Not only to trade, but even to travel as a pilgrim to the Holy Land long required a licence (cf. Ludolf, ed. Deycks). For the licensing system, see Heyd, vol. u, p. 33ff, esp. p. 44th. — Norman Daniel, Islam and the West, 2119

Categorization

• XREF: Adds institutional texture to the genealogical account of how the Church demarcated Christians from Muslims, complementing the vault’s claims about Islam’s construction as constitutive outside through legal-bureaucratic means.