Pan-Islamic solidarity still required respecting internal borders between Muslim territories

Evidence

Al-Afghänï’s articles on the Mahdïya adhered closely to the religiously bordered, nationalistically resonant global map of Africa and the Middle East then the source of conflict between indigenous peoples and the European powers. Muslim territory belonged to Muslims, and it was their natural right to fight for and protect their watan. Although it was Islam that linked Muslims to their land, al-Afghänï’s articles made it clear that they could not exist in a land without internal borders of its own, between territories within the same religion. — Eve M. Troutt Powell, A Different Shade of Colonialism_…, 464

Categorization

• XREF: Connects to the broader comparative question of how anti-colonial ideology in Egypt invoked religion while defending Egyptian (not Sudanese) nationalism.