Over sixty heir-funded production studios saturated indie film between 1996 and 2020

Evidence

Another dimension of the financialization of Hollywood is a new era of “independently wealthy film and television.” Between 1996 and 2020, more than sixty American production and distribution companies (I call them “billionaire boutiques”), each funded by a wealthy benefactor, often an heir to a massive fortune (I call them “plutocratic patrons”), arose and saturated the mid-level indie market with a financialized form of television and indie films (or “findies”). — Andrew deWaard, Derivative Media, 263