Out-group negativity toward minorities exceeds in-group positivity toward whites in online race discourse.

Evidence

There was a higher percentage of in-group positivity and a lower percentage of out-group negativity and racial slurs in this sample than in Study 1 (see Table 9.4). … However, when the targets were race-based, there was a significant difference between in-group positivity and out-group negativity, such that out-group negativity toward minorities occurred more often than positivity toward whites, χ2(1) = 12.47, p < .001. — Roderick M. Kramer, Geoffrey J. Leonardelli, Robert W. Livingston, Social Cognition, Social Identity, and…, 1053

However, when the targets were race-based, there was a significant difference between in-group positivity and out-group negativity, such that out-group negativity toward minorities occurred more often than positivity toward whites, χ2(1) = 12.47, p < .001. In this study, race-based in-group positivity and out-group negativity accounted for the vast majority of cases of in-group positivity and out-group negativity (66.67 and 82.67%, respectively). — Roderick M. Kramer, Geoffrey J. Leonardelli, Robert W. Livingston, Social Cognition, Social Identity, and…, 1053

Categorization

• XREF: Connects to the Allport prejudice reassessment thread on whether prejudice is driven by hostility toward out-groups or favoritism toward in-groups. — connects to: Cross-cutting exposure fails because outgroup posts are predominantly derogatory; Cross-partisan exposure backfires because the outgroup posts encountered are mostly derogatory — Sander van der Linden, Foolproof: Why Misinformation Infects…, 458
• corroborated: 3 independent passages support this claim — Roderick M. Kramer, Geoffrey J. Leonardelli, Robert W. Livingston, Social Cognition, Social Identity, and…, 1053