North African lands never achieved durable independence after Carthage fell

Evidence

The destruction takes another seventeen days. Roman engineers and legionaries systematically demolish the walls, the temples, the public buildings, the elite residences, and the harbor installations. The library — and Carthage had a large library, comparable in scale to Alexandria’s, though we know little of its specific contents — is burned. Surviving Carthaginian inhabitants — perhaps fifty thousand of the original two hundred thousand — are sold into slavery across the Roman Mediterranean. — , The Rod and the Child, 1191 (#expands, via linked claim)

Jeffrey H. Schwartz, Frank Houghton, Roberto Macchiarelli, and Luca Bondioli, “Skeletal Remains from Punic Carthage Do Not Support Systematic Sacrifice of Infants,” PLoS ONE 5, no. 2 (2010): e9177. The principal contemporary challenge to the sacrifice interpretation. — , The Rod and the Child, 12318 (#corroborates, via linked claim)

Categorization

• XREF: connects to: Western Europe lost knowledge of Africa after Rome’s collapse; Rome’s destruction of Carthage erased its library and enslaved fifty thousand survivors. — , The Rod and the Child: A Global History…, 1191; Skeletal evidence from Carthage’s tophet does not confirm systematic infant sacrifice — , The Rod and the Child: A Global History…, 12318

Related

• Rome’s destruction of Carthage erased its library and enslaved fifty thousand survivors. (similarity 0.86)

Broader Connections

• Rome’s destruction of Carthage erased its library and enslaved fifty thousand survivors. #expands (0.80) — , The Rod and the Child, 1191
• Western Europe lost knowledge of Africa after Rome’s collapse #expands (0.75)
• Skeletal evidence from Carthage’s tophet does not confirm systematic infant sacrifice #corroborates (0.72) — , The Rod and the Child, 12318