Nineteenth-century scientific racism supplied latent Orientalism’s biological grounding

Evidence

It is at this point that anti-Semitism develops, picking up, using, and taking from the old form of anti-Semitism all the energy— and a whole mythology—which had until then been devoted solely to the political analysis of the internal war, or the social war. At this point the Jews came to be seen as—and were described as—a race that was present within all races, and whose biologically dangerous character necessitated a certain number of mechanisms of rejection and exclusion on the part of the State. — Michel Foucault, Society Must Be Defended, 105 (#corroborates, via linked claim)

On the one hand, there was an openly biological transcription, which occurred long before Darwin and which borrowed its discourse, together with all its elements, concepts, and vocabulary, from a materialist anatomo-physiology. It also has the support of philology, and thus gives birth to the theory of races in the historico-biological sense of the term. Once again and almost as in the seventeenth century, this is a very ambiguous theory, and it is articulated with, on the one hand, nationalist movements in Europe and with nationalities’ struggles against the great State apparatuses (essentially the Russian and the Austrian); you will then see it articulated with European policies of colonization. — Michel Foucault, Society Must Be Defended, 77 (#corroborates, via linked claim)

Categorization

• XREF: connects to: Moral and physiological traits were fused onto racialized types to ground genetic universal claims; Nineteenth-century State racism reutilized older religious anti-Semitism for biological exclusion — Michel Foucault, Society Must Be Defended, 105; Biological race theory predates Darwin and supported colonialism — Michel Foucault, Society Must Be Defended, 77 (+6 more)

Related

• Nineteenth-century State racism reutilized older religious anti-Semitism for biological exclusion (similarity 0.87)
• Biological race theory predates Darwin and supported colonialism (similarity 0.85)
• Early Italian sociology grounded Southern inferiority claims in biology and race (similarity 0.84)
• Racism scholarship long confined itself to biological black-white and antisemitic models (similarity 0.82)
• Respectable scientific pioneers, not just racists, furnished racism’s racial hierarchies (similarity 0.82)
• Religious anti-Semitism need not enter the state-racism genealogy until the nineteenth century (similarity 0.80)
• Scientific racism followed from placing humans in the animal kingdom (similarity 0.80)
• Late-nineteenth-century racial theory was nearly undisputed in European culture (similarity 0.80)
• Biological racism and cultural differentialism are racism’s two registers, not separate systems (similarity 0.80)
• Nineteenth-century scientific racism reframed antisemitism as a rational natural response. (similarity 0.79)
• Racism shifts from discredited scientific claims to cultural arguments (similarity 0.79)
• Scientific racism framed lack of Western knowledge as grounds for extermination (similarity 0.78)
• Nineteenth-century racial thought about Jews was neither uniform nor straightforwardly exclusionary. (similarity 0.78)

Broader Connections

• Nineteenth-century State racism reutilized older religious anti-Semitism for biological exclusion #corroborates (0.82) — Michel Foucault, Society Must Be Defended, 105
• Biological racism and cultural differentialism are racism’s two registers, not separate systems #corroborates (0.78)
• Biological race theory predates Darwin and supported colonialism #corroborates (0.75) — Michel Foucault, Society Must Be Defended, 77
• Respectable scientific pioneers, not just racists, furnished racism’s racial hierarchies #complicates (0.72) — Zygmunt Bauman, Modernity and the Holocaust, 199