Native liberal scholars mostly reinforced rather than challenged Orientalism.

Evidence

Orientalism in this latter phase acquired a diversity that is patently unprecedented. Its narratives and subnarratives have been highly contentious, this time integrating two varieties of “native” scholarship: dissenting and subversive voices who, by the nature of things, remain largely in the minority; and an unprecedented quantity of voices who have, through their ardent liberalism, mostly enhanced Orientalism, thereby continuing a long line of indigenous scholars who were trained by, and served, the first colonial Orientalists. — Wael Hallaq, Restating Orientalism, 467

Categorization

• SEED: Could spin an essay on how co-optation operates inside academic disciplines: indigenous voices trained in imperial frameworks who enhance the very body of knowledge that framed them.
• XREF: Echoes the co-optation dynamics in The Reluctant Fundamentalist and general postcolonial critiques of native informants; also parallels Milgrom’s point that institutions recruit insiders to enforce systems.