Muslim women’s presence in France refutes binary framings of emancipation versus faith

Evidence

This is especially true for the popular and political discourses around the hijab. Ironically, its most vehement critics have one eye, or both, veiled by a blinding Islamophobia. The very presence of Muslim women in France and “Western” nations testifies against mythic binaries that oblige them to choose between emancipation and subordination, faith and nation. The eyes of these Muslim women, whether they choose to wear the hijab or not, remain unconcealed and wide open. — Khaled A. Beydoun, The New Crusades_ Islamophobia and the…, 813