Muslim chroniclers mirrored crusader celestial-warrior hagiography with Muhammad

Evidence

In the Muslim sources, it is often Muhammad who leads the celestial troops to victory. Kamal al-Din, for example, has a Christian captive swear that he was captured by a larger-than-life celestial warrior (translated in Francesco Gabrieli, Arab Historians of the Crusades [Berkeley: University of California Press, 1969], 38). — John V. Tolan, Saracens, 1689

Categorization

• XREF: Complicates the one-sided reading both chroniclers’ miracle claims — later vault claims drawing on Aziz about trope construction would benefit from showing the mirror-image medieval hagiography on the Muslim side.