Modernization strengthened urban religious ethos and its challenge to secular power

Evidence

In his model, Gellner argues that modernization and urbanization in the last few decades ”… have reinforced the religion-based urban ethos and its challenge to secular power, which explains the current surge of Islamism in politics” (Zubaida, 1995:151). — David Theo Goldberg, John Solomos, A Companion to Racial and Ethnic Studies, 3507

Categorization

• XREF: Connects to modernization theory debates and the broader question of whether secularism is the default end-state of development.