Modern Islamophobia dates to post-Cold-War American global dominance.

Evidence

Sheehi dates modern Islamophobia very particularly to that moment in the 1990s when America became the sole world superpower, with the will and means to impose its political and economic model on the rest of the world. For him, “Islamophobia is the latest ideological construct deployed to facilitate American power.” Sheehi traces a line of Islamophobia from the Clinton White House through George W. Bush to Barack Obama with his ambivalent rhetoric on Muslim countries, continued unconditional support for Israel, and unease with the politically explosive Muslim part of his heritage. — Peter Morey, Islamophobia and the Novel, 39

Categorization

• XREF: Offers a specific dating (1990s, U.S. superpower consolidation) that contrasts with Kumar’s longer historical cycle — the reader can stage these theorists against each other. — connects to: The Cold War’s end positioned Islam as communism’s replacement global threat — Cyra Akila Choudhury, Racecraft and Identity in the Emergence…, 240; Key Islamophobic organizations trace their lineage to Cold War-era neocons
• QUESTION: Sheehi’s post-1990 dating vs. Kumar’s long-cycle account — which handles the lived texture of Changez’s and Jimbo’s experience better?