Modern bureaucracy reimagined citizens as regulated particles in a machine

Evidence

In modern times, the word travel immediately evokes the word “passport.” This in its present form is a fairly recent invention. But passports and security checks were already there in the Middle Ages, and we have a number of reports, especially by Christian pilgrims, who as Christians and pilgrims were doubly suspect, about the security checks which they had to undergo while they were traveling first to Egypt, then to Jerusalem and other holy places. — Bernard Lewis, From Babel to Dragomans, 786 (#complicates, via linked claim)

Categorization

• XREF: connects to: Bureaucratic planning and cultural rationalization create a totally administered society — Herbert Marcuse, One-Dimensional Man: Studies in the…, 35; New bureaucracy makes workers their own permanent auditors — Mark Fisher, Capitalist Realism: Is There No…, 103; Performance bureaucracy functions as discipline, not efficiency improvement — Mark Fisher (edited by Darren Ambrose), K-Punk: The Collected and Unpublished…, 1659 (+8 more)

Broader Connections

• Passports and security checks predate modern bureaucracy by centuries #complicates (0.72) — Bernard Lewis, From Babel to Dragomans, 786