Minority groups differ in whether they equate American identity with whiteness

Evidence

Iranian Americans, like Asian and white Americans, typically associate the identity category “American” as synonymous with “white.” African Americans, notably, depart from the “American = white” association. — Neda Maghbouleh, The Limits of Whiteness, 1496

Categorization

• XREF: Connects to the racial-hinge/loophole framework Maghbouleh uses throughout — Iranian Americans’ ‘American = white’ association lines up with their strategic positioning on whiteness that Chapter 5’s passport/travel experiences complicate. — connects to: Proximity to whiteness increases rather than reduces Iranian American racialization — Neda Maghbouleh, The Limits of Whiteness: Iranian…, 1388; White Americans have many ethnic identity options while African-Americans have essentially one — David Theo Goldberg, John Solomos, A Companion to Racial and Ethnic Studies, 941; Different racial groups have sharply unequal ranges of identity choice (+1 more)
• QUESTION: This is a claimed empirical finding (Devos and Banaji 2005) worth verifying — and worth probing whether Iranian Americans’ association with ‘American = white’ holds after the Muslim ban era.

Broader Connections

• White Americans have many ethnic identity options while African-Americans have essentially one #expands (0.85) — David Theo Goldberg, John Solomos, A Companion to Racial and Ethnic Studies, 941
• Different racial groups have sharply unequal ranges of identity choice #expands (0.80)
• Christian nationalism conflates whiteness with Christian American identity #exemplifies (0.78) — Andrew L. Whitehead; Samuel L. Perry, Taking America Back for God, 14