Men show higher xenophobia than women in national samples

Evidence

Using survey methodology, Sidanius and Ekehammar (Ekehammar & Sidanius, 1982; Sidanius & Ekehammar, 1980) were among the first to systematically explore gender differences with respect to xenophobia and classical racism. In two relatively large and independent samples of Swedish high school students, not only did men tend to be more politically conservative in general* but they appeared to be particularly more xenophobic than their female counterparts. Shortly after the appearance of these first Swedish studies, other scholars began to replicate these gender differences using samples of British, South African, and Swedish respondents (see Ekehammar, 1985; Furnham, 1985; Marjoribanks, 1981). — Roderick M. Kramer, Geoffrey J. Leonardelli, Robert W. Livingston, Social Cognition, Social Identity, and…, 1235