Medieval theology allowed truthful prophecy outside biblical revelation

Evidence

The existence of kinds of prophecy outside the framework of the Old Testament, and of evil prophets within it, was generally assumed in the Middle Ages, although the prophets of Christ were incomparably more important than the others. St Thomas referred to the vates of ancient paganism, citing St Isidore on the classical poets, and he justified the possibility of truthful prophecy in cases of ‘demoniacs, possession and false prophecy’; that is, pseudoprophecy might utter truths. — Norman Daniel, Islam and the West, 401

Categorization

• XREF: Complicates clean inside/outside binaries: pseudoprophecy could utter truths, an internal category nuance relevant to how the vault frames binary construction of outsiders.