Medieval polemicists told Muslims what Islam believed against their denials

Evidence

Not only did Ricoldo realise that this condemnation existed in the Qur’an; he also knew that Muslims denied that the crime was permitted by those verses that he (like so many others, always willing to tell Muslims what they believed) maintained gave it licence. — Norman Daniel, Islam and the West, 795

Categorization

• SEED: Essay angle: ‘always willing to tell Muslims what they believed’ — the medieval habit of overwriting a rival’s self-understanding, and how it persists in modern polemics.
• DEEPTHINKING: The pattern of refusing to let a targeted group define its own beliefs is a genuinely recurring, unsettling historical constant.
• XREF: connects to: Medieval critics saw Islamic truths as deliberate bait for deception